Which two identification methods are commonly used in livestock production?

In livestock production, ear notches and branding are widely utilized identification methods due to their effectiveness and practicality. Ear notching involves cutting specific shapes or patterns into the ears of animals, which allows farmers to recognize individual animals quickly and record vital information about them, such as age, breeding history, and health status. This method is particularly advantageous because it is relatively low-cost and can be easily performed in the field.

Branding, on the other hand, involves marking the animal's skin with a specific symbol or number using hot or cold instruments. This method is highly visible and provides a permanent form of identification, which is especially useful in large herds where animals may mix with others. Branding can help deter theft and assist in ownership identification. Both of these methods are practical for long-term management and tracking within livestock operations, making them preferable choices in the industry.