What plant is known for its ability to fix nitrogen in the soil?

The ability to fix nitrogen in the soil is a distinctive characteristic of legumes. These plants, which include beans, peas, lentils, and clovers, have a symbiotic relationship with specific bacteria, such as Rhizobium, which reside in nodules on their roots. Through this relationship, legumes can convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that is usable by plants, enriching the soil with this crucial nutrient.

This nitrogen fixation is vital for sustainable agriculture as it reduces the need for chemical nitrogen fertilizers, promoting healthier soil ecosystems and supporting subsequent crops. In contrast, roses, ferns, and cacti do not possess this capability, as they do not form symbiotic relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria.